Essay about Solutions to Valuation Questions - 1712 Words

Solutions to Valuation Questions 1. Assume you expect a company’s net income to remain stable at $1,100 for all future years, and you expect all earnings to be distributed to stockholders at the end of each year, so that common equity also remains stable for all future years (assumes clean surplus). Also, assume the company’s ÃŽ ² = 1.5, the market risk premium is 4% and the 20-30 year yield on risk free treasury bonds is 5%. Finally, assume the company has 1,000 shares of common stock outstanding. a. Use the CAPM to estimate the company’s equity cost of capital. †¢ re = RF + ÃŽ ² * (RM – RF) = 0.05 + 1.5 * 0.04 = 11% b. Compute the expected net distributions to stockholders for each future year. †¢ D = NI – ΔCE = $1,100 – 0 = $1,100 c. Use the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Pe = D1/(re – g) = 700 / (0.11 – 0.05) = $11,667 †¢ price per share = $11,667 / 1,000 = $11.67 3. Same facts as (2) above, except the 5% income growth rate (and beginning of year common equity to support it) are only expected for years 2 and 3. Then growth is expected to be zero and all income is expected to be distributed to shareholders for all future years. a. Compute D1, D2, D3, and Dt for all future years. †¢ Keeping in mind that income is $1,100 in year 1, increases by 5% in years 2 and 3, and then remains constant for all future years; and keeping in mind that beginning of year 1 common equity is $8,000, increases by 5% at the beginning of year 2 and at the beginning of year 3, but does not increase at the beginning of year 4 and remains constant from that point forward, you should be able to compute: D1 = $700, D2 = $735, and Dt = 1,212.75 for D3 and all future years. b. Use the dividend discount (i.e., free cash flow to equity investors) valuation model to estimate the company’s current stock price. Pe = 700/(1+ 0.11) + 735/(1+ 0.11)2 + [1,212.75/0.11]/(1+ 0.11)2 = $10,175.31 and the price per share of common stock = $10,175.31 / 1,000 = $10.18. 4. Same facts as (3) above, except the growth rates are 5% for years 2 and 3 and then 3% perpetually for all future years. a. Compute D1, D2, D3 and the growth in D for all future years. †¢ Keeping in mind that income is $1,100 in year 1, increases by 5% in years 2Show MoreRelatedAnalysis of Intel and Ebay1159 Words   |  5 PagesJames Stewart’s assessment of eBay reflects any biases (3 marks). 3. In what ways are the events described at Intel and eBay similar and in what ways are they different (4 marks)? Question # 1 Brandt Cornell’s paper â€Å"Is the response of analyst to information consistent with fundamental valuation?† reveals that analyst recommendations are pro cyclical. As bad news arrives and the underlying price of the firm’s stock goes down , analyst downgrade company , the opposite effect arisesRead More Artificial Intelligence and Investing Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesendeavour with the exception of obtaining profit. Investing activities require data identification, asset valuation (the process of determining the worth of something), and risk management (the process of managing the uncertainty in investment decision-making). Artificial intelligence techniques can be applied to financial investing, especially in the areas of credit risk assessment and stock valuation. In the future, we can expect that the techniques of artificial intelligence will be integrated intoRead MoreWhat Are The Forecasting Needs Of A Seasoned Idea Start Up? Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pages1. QUESTION: What are the forecasting needs of a seasoned idea start-up and a new idea start up? Answer: Seasoned idea start-up and New idea start-up need to hold different types forecasting. A new idea start-up needs a forecasting method based around location, market research, and product material cost. A seasoned idea start-up requires a forecasting that revolves more around potential market risk, potential, growth, and comparable products. 2. QUESTION: what are the external forces that we cannotRead MoreSecurenet Inc1118 Words   |  5 Pagesseries A funding is nearly 40% of company’s equity, SecureNet may still need additional funding to build the sale forces and revenue. Looking for other venture capitalists that can offer more funding might be a preferential consideration. Question Solution 1. All the calculation will be showed in Table 1 in appendix. In the part one, the price per share prior to Series A funding will be $4.38, and the value of SecureNet before Series A funding is $3,113,966. In the part two, based on the convertibleRead MoreBeyond Products1704 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Evaluate the different market opportunities available to Peter, taking the financiers’ perspective. What would be your recommendations as a business angel? The success of the flow binding shows that people are looking for a better solution than the now available bindings. Hereby, it is clearly very important to keep the soft boots, as they provide the snowboarders the necessary comfort, together with the ease of the step-in bindings. However, attention need to be taken into account toRead MoreBeyond Products1690 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Evaluate the different market opportunities available to Peter, taking the financiers’ perspective. What would be your recommendations as a business angel? The success of the flow binding shows that people are looking for a better solution than the now available bindings. Hereby, it is clearly very important to keep the soft boots, as they provide the snowboarders the necessary comfort, together with the ease of the step-in bindings. However, attention need to be taken into account toRead MoreEssay on Net Present Value and Capacity Planning1269 Words   |  6 PagesCAPACITY PLANNING Real Options Analysis Practice Questions and Solutions CAPACITY PLANNING Question 1: PROJECT SABLE Use a 30% per year discount rate to evaluate Project Sable, which has two phases. You may invest in the first, in both or in neither. You may not invest in the second phase without investing in the first. ï  ± Phase 1 requires an investment of $100. One year later the project delivers on the average $120. ï  ± At that time, after the phase 1 payout has been received, you may investRead MoreFinance 301 Sample Final Exam1138 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 1 - Bond Valuation Assume the following information for bonds A and B. Both bonds have the same YTM and have semi-annual coupon payments. Bond B is currently selling at par. Face Value Maturity Coupon Rate Bond A 1000 30 yrs 8% Bond B 1000 20 yrs 10% a) What is the price for Bond B (2 pts)? What is the current yield for Bond B (2 pts)? Bond A is selling at a ________(discount /par/Read MorePanera Bread Company Acquisition : Introduction And Recommendation1421 Words   |  6 Pagesrecent financial performance. Key Issues The main issue is to determine the value of Panera Bread Company. This will be completed mainly by comparing and analyzing Panera’s financial data with a handful of appropriate and similar competitors. This valuation method is known as market comparables. While this isn’t always the greatest way to analyze a company’s standing in the current marketplace, as there can be oversights or even disvalue within the data provided, it is the most convenient way to findRead MoreAcct1706 Words   |  7 PagesSolutions to Valuation Questions 1. Assume you expect a company’s net income to remain stable at $1,100 for all future years, and you expect all earnings to be distributed to stockholders at the end of each year, so that common equity also remains stable for all future years (assumes clean surplus). Also, assume the company’s ÃŽ ² = 1.5, the market risk premium is 4% and the 20-30 year yield on risk free treasury bonds is 5%. Finally, assume the company h as 1,000 shares of common stock outstanding.

Coca-Cola Co - Financial Analysis Example

Essays on Coca-Cola Co - Financial Analysis Term Paper Company Profile The Coca-Cola Company was founded in 1886 as a fountain pop beverage sold out of a pharmacy for five cents a glass. Today the enterprise has become a global icon with a wide variety of products sold across 200 nations. Its best selling product is its Coca-Cola Classic beverage, but as of 2010 the firm had over 3300 different products in the marketplace. The enterprise is a multinational firm that employees 92,800 people worldwide. The company estimates that the world consumes 1.6 billion servings of Coca Cola products daily. The mission of the company is to refresh the world, inspire moments of optimism and happiness, create value, and make a difference (Thecoca-colacompany, 2010). Financial Analysis Coca Cola is a company that has achieved tremendous economic success over the years. The firm has grown and in the process it has benefited its shareholders. The company has endured 48 consecutive years of dividend growth. In fiscal year 2009 Coca-Cola obtained revenues of $30,990 million. In comparison with 2008 the enterprise had a decrease in total sales of 2.98%. Considering the fact that the world during that time span was experiencing one of its worst recessions in modern history the decrease in revenues should not be too surprising. In 2009 Coca-Cola achieve a net profit of $6824 million and earnings per share of $2.95. Despite the fact the company decrease its revenues the firm was able to increase its profitability. In 2009 Coca Cola’s net income increased by 17.16%. Two of the reasons the firm was more profitable was due to the fact that its cost of goods sold and administrative expense went down. The net margin of the company was a very impressive 22.67%. The return of equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) of Coca in 2009 were 26.92% and 14.02%. In order to determine whether these metrics are good or not an analyst must compare the ratios against the industry standard. A database that provides excellent information regarding industry business ratios is the Dun Bradstreet database. Appendix A shows a snapshot of the industry ratios illustrated in the Dun Bradstreet database. The industry average for ROE and ROA are 24.2% and 5.6%. This means that Coca-Cola performance in both these ratios is better than the industry. In terms of ROA Coca-Cola is doing 2.5 times better than the industry. The net margin ratio of 22.67% is much better than the industry norm of 1.7%. The debt ratio of Coca Cola in 2009 was 2.09. The debt ratio shows the ability of a company to pay of its total debt. The general rule is that the debt ratio should be above 1.0. The position of the company is good because the firm debt ratio is twice the comfortable level. The average debt ratio in the industry is 0.83 which proves once again that Coca Cola is in a good position. Another ratio that measures the solvency of a company is the current ratio. The current ratio measures the ability of business to pay off its short term debt. The current ratio of Coca Cola in 2009 was 1.28. This ratio is calculated by the following formula: current liabilities / current assets. The same 1.0 rule applies to the current ratio which implies Coca Cola is in a favorable position. Despite having a current above 1.0 in comparison with the industry norm of 1.6 Coca Cola is not doing as well as the industry. A ratio that further tests the liquidity of a company is the acid test or quick ratio. The acid test is calculated similar to the current ratio except in the numerator the inventory is subtracted. The quick ratio of Coca Cola in 2009 was 1.10. Coca-Cola’s inventory composes only 13.41% of its current assets. The quick asset test proves the company is in a good position to pay off its short term debts. The working capital of the company which is another metric that measures a company’s ability to pay off its short term debt is $3830 million. The inventory turnover of Coca Cola in 2009 was 4.71. The inventory turnover provides information regarding how many times the company sold its inventory during a year. The average inventory turnover of the industry is 20.7. The discrepancy in this metric does not have too much significance due to the fact that each company establishes its inventory cycle. The industry norm includes a lot of small companies that cannot hold large inventory due to cash flow requirements. The debt to equity ratio of Coca Cola in 2009 was 0.92. The company has a good balance of usage of debt and equity since 48% of its operation has been financed by debt, while the remaining 52% was financed through equity. The industry norm is a debt to equity ratio of 1.41. In comparison with the industry Coca-Cola is doing well because it has not relied too much on debt to grow. Recommendation At first glance a person that does not know much about financial analyses might say that Coca Cola had a bad year in 2009 because it its revenues decreased in comparison with the previous year. In reality the truth is completely different. The Coca Cola Company had an excellent financial year. One of its most impressive stats was the fact that the company increased net revenue by 17.16%. The bottom line also referred to as profitability is much more important that total sales. The company has paid good attention to its leverage position. The financial analysis proved that the company is able to pay both its short term and long term responsibilities. Due to the size of the company and its proliferation worldwide the inventory cycle of the company is bit slower than the industry. Since the firm does not have any type of cash flow problem this metric is not a concern at all. Coca Cola was able to perform extremely well in the middle of a global recession. My recommendation as a financi al analyst is that the common stocks of Coca-Cola are a good investment. References Dun BradStreet Database. Key Business Ratios: Retrieved May 15, 2010 from Dun Bradstreet database. Thecoca-colacompany.com (2010). Growth, Leadership, and Sustainability. Retrieved May 15, 2010 from http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/ourcompany/index.html Appendix A: Industry Ratios (Dun Bradstreet, 2010) Appendix B: Coca Cola Income Statement (2009) (Thecoca-colacompany, 2010) Appendix C: Coca Cola Balance Sheet (2009) (Thecoca-colacompany, 2010)

Vincent Van Goghs Work of Art Ann Essay Example For Students

Vincent Van Goghs Work of Art Ann Essay Vincent Van Gogh is a unique and outstanding artist who had a dramatic life that affected his paintings. At the age of twenty-seven, Vincent decided to devote his life for art because Vincent believed in the power of art. To him, a work of art, whether drawing or painting, had as striking an effect as a live sermon or a letter( Euchre 17) . Van Gogh started his work of art with drawing. Vincent sent Thee, is brother, some of his drawings such as Au Carbonate (At the Coalmines), Miner Shouldering a Spade or Men and Women Going to the Mines. He drew everything he saw in everyday life. The miners and weavers usually appeared in his drawings. In the letter to his brother, Thee, he told him about his sympathy for these people : I should be very happy if someday I could draw them, so that those unknown or little- known types would be brought before the eyes of the people(20). In summer of 1882, he started paintings in oils. Vincent often paints the simplest, most miserable, cost scorned objects such as old shoes or loamy potatoes. (Huge 61). Vincent painted with dark and sorrowful colors. At the end of 1882, he experiments with lithography. He created a series often graphic works: nine lithographs and one etching. In the letter to his brother Thee, Vincent told him about drawing: Sorrow is one of Van Sagos lithographs. The special thing about this lithograph is that it was originally a painting about a naked prostitute sitting with flabby breasts, heavy stomach, thin and stiff hair and weeping with her head on her knees (Huge 6). Vincent also decided to do a lithograph based on the painting The Potato Eaters. The Potato Eaters is his first major work. It depicted five miserable family members, who were peasants, gathered around the table, eating their potatoes in the end of a day. Vincent wanted to attain the moral value in this painting: I have tried to emphasize that those people , eating their potatoes in the lamplight, have dug the earth with those very hands they put in the dish, and so it speaks of manual labor, and how they have honestly earned their food (Euchre 88). Van Sagos only etching, L Home  ¤ la Pipe: Portrait du Doctor Cache,depicted Dry. Paul Cachet, a doctor and friend of Van Sagos who took care of him in the final weeks of his life. In 1886, Vincent moved to Paris, where he met his brother Thee, and he also made friends with Gauguin, Pissarro and Serrate. He discovered the French Impressionist. However, through Monticello, he discovered both flowers and color (Huge 63). And through his new friends, he brightened his palette. The Million De la Galatea is yellowed in tone but still muted in spite off pale sky. The hill of Montmartre was treated more conventionally; the painting was dominated by green and yellow ( Euchre 114). During 1887, Vincent created more than twenty- two self- portraits. The reason for this large amounts of his self-portraits was as though he wanted to rediscovered himself physically after he changed his style in art . Another reason is that Vincent Van Gogh was short of money, therefore, he became his own subject: l purposely bought a good enough mirror to work from myself, for want of a model. Self -portrait with a Straw Hat painted in the summer of 887 show the artists awareness of Neo-elementariness technique and color theory ( The Metropolitan Museum of Art), the background is sketched in by meaner of very widely spaced, comma- like strokes ( Euchre 1 15). In 1888, he moved to Arles. Vincent was affected by the strong sunlight and he became the prey of the sun , he burst out with spring, reached his highest point during summer and discovered July and the flames plenitude(Euchre 165). At this point of time, his style changed immensely , and it was greatly impacted by the work of the Impressionists and Neo- Impressionists. He started to abandon somber palette and experiment with lighter colors such as red, yellow, orange, green, blue. We can easily see this change in his paintings such as The Pear Tree in Blossom, The Angles Bridge, Boats at Anchor, Market Gardens, The Suave, A Walk in Arles, The Cafe at Night Etc. Besides, Vincent also developed his own unique style of painting. Vincent also experimented with the broken brush strokes of the Impressionists and hugely influenced by the Japanese prints. TennesseeWilliams of his work EssayThe intensity of the yellow note, emphasized by the vibrant blue of the contour , marks the paintings of the future painted in such a way that everybody , at least if they have eyes, would see it. Whereas the elegant armchair is bathed in full chiaroscuro'(202). However, their enthusiasm for each other and art faded away, and soon replaced by quarrels. Vincent had less and less confidence in Gauguin. He wrote Thee: On various occasions I have seen him do things which you and I would not let ourselves do, because we have consciences that feel differently about things. I have heard one or two things said of him, but having seen him at very, very close quarters, I think that he is carried away by his imagination, perhaps by pride, but Practically irresponsible ( CTD. In Euchre 202). About Vincent, he did not eat every day because he was short of money. Despite an empty stomach, he stayed for hours working under the sun. (Huge 80) . One time, when Vincent saw the portrait of Vincent Painting Sunflowers which was hidden by Gauguin , he could not recognized himself and reacted violently to Gauguin. When they went to a cafe, Vincent suddenly threw his glass of absinthe at Gauguin head. When Gauguin decided to leave Arles, Vincent tried many ways to make him stay. He had been through a difficult time to face with Gauguin threatened departure. He got up during the night to make sure Gauguin was still there, he used absinthe and bacon, since the only thing to bring ease and distraction, in my case and other peoples too, is to stun oneself with a lot of drinking or heavy smoking(Euchre 211). One day, when Gauguin was walking in the street, Vincent threw himself at him with an opening razor in his hand. However, he did not attack Gauguin, he ran away. Back in his room, he cut off the lobe of his ear with the razor. He cleaned his ear and put it in an envelope and gave the doorkeeper his ear. He was discovered by the police and hospitalized at the H ¶tell-Died hospital in Arles. Gauguin left immediately for Paris, choosing not to visit Van Gogh in the hospital. Then they never met each other in person again. Two weeks after it happened, he painted his self- portrait: Self -Portrait with Bandaged Ear. This portrait is considered as the calm after the storm. He takes a quiet and detached look at himself and expresses a feeling of renewed hope through his bright colors and simplified drawing. A clue to the origin of this bold style is found in the Japanese woodblock print on the wall behind him( The History in Self Portraits Para. 13). Van Gogh then started to alternate between fits of madness and lucidity and was sent to the asylum in Saint- Remy for treatment. Van Gogh left Arles on 8 May. In mid-June, Van Gogh produced his best known work: Starry Night. In 1890, he shot himself in the chest by a revolver. During his career, he only sold one painting. Van Gogh became famous only after his death because of his innovative art that had a strong influence on the artists of the next generation. Even though Vincent Van Gogh had a very dramatic life, he devoted almost most of his entire life for art. A very unique feature about Vincent ark of art is his outstanding bold brush strokes which he adopted in his later paintings..

Technology Innovation The Theft Prevention Chip Enterprise

Introduction The present world has witnessed increased competition, which has initiated pronounced levels of marketing, and consumer-focused approach in business. Consequently, increasing instances of insecurity and theft amplify the need to have effective theft prevention services.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Technology Innovation: The Theft Prevention Chip Enterprise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the fact that several service providers provide tracking services, few focus on personal properties such as laptops, phones, or wallets.  The Theft Prevention Chip enterprise is an enterprise that provides security services using an application customized in a smartphone. Remarkably, the application customized in a smartphone of individuals raises an alarm when one takes the property away from the device. The competitive environment of security service providers using the application is less c hallenging, but it is subject to the determinants posed by Porter’s five forces model. Therefore, the research paper describes the competitive environment of the technology innovation named Theft Prevention Chip, which is customized for Smartphone application. Overview of a Competitive Environment A competitive environment represents the environment within which a business operates and the level of competition evident in the subject location. Business outlets, which sell similar or substitute products usually determine the magnitude of competition in a region. As such, an increase in the number of sellers in a region leads to a high competition in the competitive environment. Consequently, when the outlets selling similar or substitute products are few, the level of competition in the environment is minimal. Blythe (2013) explains that competitive environment depends on the number of competitors present in a given market. Therefore, in the context of a Theft Prevention Chip, the competitors represent those businesses that offer similar or substitute goods or services. The business outlets determine the competitive environment within which the business selling the security chips operate. Competitive Environment of Theft Prevention Chip Enterprise Theft prevention service is a business that modern consumers are increasingly demanding. The rising cases of theft, especially of personal properties such as wallets, phones, and laptops, amplify the essence of the service in contemporary societies. Notably, the current marketing environment is not competitive since few companies provide the service. As such, the implication of the service providers in the marketing environment is minimal because few service providers, which provide theft prevention chips, dictate the competitive environment. By providing theft prevention chips that produce alarms when the property moves away from the customized Smartphone, individuals enjoy enhanced security for their personal properties. While some companies pose as direct competitors for the Theft Prevention Chip business, others are indirect competitors.Advertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Direct Competitors The competitive environment associated with service providers that provide theft prevention chips is minimal. While several companies provide tracking services, their services focus on fleet management and single properties. Therefore, the companies secure properties that have their GPS trackers (Orthmann Hess, 2012). Consequently, mobile companies such as Samsung, Techno, Apple, and Nokia put trackers in their smartphones, which protect them from theft. In as much as these companies provide theft prevention services for singular properties or fleets, they pose as direct competitors for the Theft Prevention Chip business. Direct competition is evident because some companies offering flee t GPS tracking services have diversified to incorporate security of the personal property.  Companies such as LiveViewGps have diversified and currently provide theft prevention services of the personal property using customized chips. Moreover, companies such as SpyBike and BikeSpike are among the major direct competitors for the Theft Prevention Chip service provider. Although the present services offered by SpyBike and BikeSpike are focused on bikes, there is a tendency that they may diversify in future and provide theft prevention services on other personal belongings. Pride (2004) asserts that direct competition leads to selection of a product over another offered by competitors in the marketing environment. Therefore, by choosing security services from companies such as LiveViewGps or SpyBike, consumers forego services from the Theft Prevention Chip service provider. Indirect Competitors Indirect competition is another type of competition, which is evident in a competitive e nvironment dictated by service providers offering theft prevention services. Unlike the direct competition, indirect competitors compete with the Theft Prevention service provider by offering substitute services to the consumers. In Pride (2003) explanation, indirect competitors offer substitutes over the actual products. As such, consumers choose the services from indirect competitors and substitute them with those of the Theft Prevention Chip service provider. Some of the indirect competitors for the service provider include companies, which provide credit cards, locks, and customized alarms. By providing credit cards, indirect competitors minimize the contents of a wallet and cash that one carries. The implication of minimized contents and cash in a wallet leads to decreased instances of theft. Consequently, by offering good locks, which are superior quality, individuals can leave properties such as laptops in their vehicles or areas that have the locks without the worry of theft .Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Technology Innovation: The Theft Prevention Chip Enterprise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Orthmann and Hess (2012) elaborate that customized alarms, which work on locks or cars, are also some of the services that pose indirect competition for the Theft Prevention Chip enterprise. The indirect competition takes place because potential consumers of the enterprise may opt to have the alarms installed in their cars or locks so that they can reduce instances of theft on their personal belongings. Determinants of the Competitive Environment The competitive environment of security service providers is highly dependent on the marketing microenvironment. Porter’s five forces model provides an in-depth elaboration of these determinants. The determinants comprise threat of new entrants, threat of substitute products, as well as bargaining power of buyers and suppliers. S ervice providers, which offer security services to clients, need to be aware of the forces and their effect on their operations. For instance, an increase in the number of service providers offering theft prevention chips means that the competitive environment heightens. According to Elkarmi and AbuShikhah (2012), an increase in the number of service providers is a concept represented by the threat of new entrants. Moreover, the Theft Prevention Chip enterprise needs to understand that the competitive environment is subject to substitutes, which are trendy and dynamic. The concept representing the determinant is the threat of substitutes. As such, the enterprise needs to be on the lookout for substitutes posed by indirect competitors in the market. It is fundamental to highlight that Porter’s five forces model is essential in understanding the determinants that affect the competitive environment of Theft Prevention Chip enterprises. Conclusion The competitive environment is a very important concept that businesses cannot underscore in their operations. In addition, Porter’s five forces model is requisite in understanding the determinants that affect the competitive environment. Businesses need to understand the concept and the model so that they provide products that are in line with the environment. Theft prevention chips are very important in security, and thus, the introduction of a business selling the chips can lead to high returns if the business utilizes the concept and the model effectively. With a good understanding of the competitive environment concept, the business can outsmart its competitors and increase its consumer baseAdvertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Blythe, J. (2013). Consumer Behaviour: SAGE Publications. New York: SAGE  Publications. Elkarmi, F., AbuShikhah, N. (2012). Power System Planning Technologies and  Applications: Concepts Solutions, and Management. Hershey: Engineering Science. Orthmann, C., Hess, K. (2012). Criminal Investigation. New York: Cengage Learning. Pride, W. (2004). Marketing. New York: Cengage Learning. This research paper on Technology Innovation: The Theft Prevention Chip Enterprise was written and submitted by user Asher Sheppard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Beverly Buchanan and Frank Lloyd Wright

Beverly Buchanan and Frank Lloyd Wright The film called Magnificent Obsession: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Building and Legacy in Japan examines the experiences of Frank Lloyd Wright in Japan as well as his impact on Japanese architecture (Severns and Mori n. p.). While exploring the greatest monuments in Japan, such as a school, an embassy, and hotels, the documentary introduces viewers into the marvelous architect’s genius and his obsession with Japanese culture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Beverly Buchanan and Frank Lloyd Wright specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The great architect was devoted to Japanese culture and draw aesthetic inspiration from buildings. In addition, the film discloses Wright’s great interest in the vernacular of shrines, temples and homes. Viewing these conventional structures, the artist found the validation of the organic design principles that have been developed by Wright for almost a decade. In contrast to Wr ight’s functional architecture, Buchanan’s vision on the scope of architecture is more associated with utility. The video begins with the analysis of Japanese culture within an 1890-2004 period. While carefully investigating a hundred-years experience, the author tried to inherit the main elements of Japan architecture. However, Wright still provides his insights into this vernacular architecture. Being involved in the ethnic and cultural tendencies of building, Wright pays attention to functional elements of architecture and attempts to create a multifunctional space where all parts of a construction are united in one whole. Judging from the video depicting Wright’s greatest masterpieces, the architect tries to strike the balance between rendering the essence of architecture through aesthetic implications and its utility. At the same time, he denied some important functional elements like door, believing that they cannot be regarded as an inherent component of a construction. Wright’s vision of architecture rigidly juxtaposes the one presented by Beverly Buchanan, a famous African American artist. Although she also depicts vernacular architecture in African, the buildings painted and sculptured in her work are more reminiscent of utilitarian tendencies. However, the true functionalism of Buchanan’s architecture does not deprive her sculpture of their aesthetics and ethnic elements. Apparently, the functionalism itself is a part of African culture comparing to those presented in Japan where the priority is given to refined forms and space allusions.Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, one cannot consider the artist works less aesthetic and sculptural. From theoretical point of view, the practice of â€Å"aesthetics† as presented by both great artists is aimed at improving appearance. In this regard, both Wright’s and Buchanan’s works disclose the historic value of art and aesthetics of sculpture (Sayre 78). Hence, depending on the role a particular work plays, the sculpture should be, first of all, accepted by the audience that can evaluate its actual value. In conclusion, a deep analysis of Buchanan’s sculptures and painting, and Wright’s architecture reveals new dimensions and goals pursued by the art. In particular, it puts forward the idea that the construction of a three-dimensional space involves the architect’s intention to combine physical characteristics, technological advances, and decorative elements. In this regard, Wright’s works are more impacted by the Japanese vernacular art where the priority was given to rendering aesthetics, but not utility. In contrast, Buchanan works are more oriented on utilitarian architectural tendencies. One way of another, both artistic movements are directed at demonstration the historical an d cultural heritage of a particular civilization. In this regard, though the artist’s works are deprived of decorative elements, they still preserve an aesthetic value. Magnificent Obsession: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Buildings and Legacy in Japan. Dir. Karen Severns and Koichi Mori. Perf. Donald Richie (voice), Kismet Productions, 2005. Sayre, Henry M. A Word of Art. US: Pearson Education, 2009. Print.

Sample Responses to a College Deferral Letter

Sample Responses to a College Deferral Letter If you applied to college through an Early Action or Early Decision option, you may find that youve been neither accepted nor rejected, but deferred. Many applicants despair when their application for early admission ends up in this frustrating limbo for it feels much like a rejection. It is not, and you can take steps to improve your chances of getting admitted with the regular admission pool. One easy step is to write the college a response to your deferral letter. Key Takeaways: Responding to a College Deferral If you have new information that could strengthen your application, share it with the admissions folks. This can include improved test scores, a new award, or a new leadership position.Be positive: reaffirm your interest in the school, and dont let your anger and frustration at being deferred darken your letter. Be careful not to suggest the admissions folks made a mistake.As with all written parts of your applications, pay careful attention to grammar, punctuation, and style. Colleges want to admit students who write well. Always remember that if the college did not think you had the qualifications necessary to be admitted, you would have been rejected, not deferred. Essentially, the school is telling you that you have what it takes to get in, but they want to compare you to the full applicant pool. You simply didnt stand out quite enough to be admitted with the early applicant pool. By writing to a college after being deferred, you have the opportunity to both reaffirm your interest in the school and present any new information that might strengthen your application. So, dont panic if you received a letter of deferral after applying to college through  early decision  or  early action. Youre still in the game.  First, read through these  7 tips on what to do if deferred. Then, if you think you have meaningful new information to share with the college that has deferred your admission, write them a letter. Sometimes you can write a simple  letter of continued interest  even if you dont have new information to share, although some schools explicitly state that such letters are not necessary, and in some cases, not welcome (admissions offices are extremely busy in the winter). Sample Letter from a Deferred Student Below is a sample letter that would be appropriate if deferred. Caitlin has a significant new honor to report to her first choice college, so she certainly should make the school aware of the update to her application. Note that her letter is polite and concise. She doesnt express her frustration or anger; she doesnt try to convince the school that theyve made a mistake; instead, she reaffirms her interest in the school, presents the new information, and thanks the admissions officer. Dear Mr. Carlos, I am writing to inform you of an addition to my  University of Georgia  application. Although my admission for Early Action has been deferred, I am still very interested in UGA and would very much like to be admitted, and therefore I wish to keep you up to date on my activities and achievements. Earlier this month I participated in the Siemens Competition in Math, Science and Technology in New York City. My high school team was awarded a $10,000 scholarship for our research on graph theory. The judges consisted of a panel of scientists and mathematicians led by former astronaut Dr. Thomas Jones; the awards were presented at a ceremony on Dec. 7. Over two thousand students entered this competition, and I was extremely honored to be recognized alongside the other winners. More information on this competition can be found through the Siemens Foundation web site: siemens-foundation.org/en/. Thank you for your continued consideration of my application. Sincerely, Caitlin Anystudent Discussion of Caitlin's Letter Caitlins letter is simple and to the point. Given how busy the admissions office will be between December and March, short is important. It would reflect poor judgment if she were to write a lengthy letter to present a single piece of information. That said, Caitlin could strengthen her letter slightly with a few tweaks to her opening paragraph. Currently she states that she is still very interested in UGA and would very much like to be admitted. Since she applied Early Action, we can assume that UGA was among Caitlins top choice schools. If so, she should state this. Also, it doesnt hurt to briefly state why UGA is a top choice school. As an example, her opening paragraph could state something like this: Although my admission for Early Action has been deferred, UGA remains my top-choice university. I love the energy and spirit of the campus, and I was truly impressed by my visit to a sociology class last spring. I am writing to keep you up to date on my activities and achievements. A Second Sample Letter Dear Mr. Birney, Last week I learned that my application for early decision at Johns Hopkins was deferred. As you can imagine, this news was disappointing to me- Johns Hopkins remains the university Im most excited about attending. I visited a lot of schools during my college search, and  Johns Hopkinss program in International Studies appeared to be a perfect match for my interests and aspirations, and I loved the energy of the Homewood Campus. I want to thank you and your colleagues for the time you put into considering my application. After I applied for early decision, I received a couple more pieces of information that I hope will strengthen my application. First, I retook the SAT in November and my combined score went from 1330 to 1470. The College Board will be sending you an official score report soon. Also, I was recently elected to be the Captain of our school Ski Team, a group of 28 students who compete in regional competitions. As Captain, I will have a central role in the teams scheduling, publicity and fund raising. I have asked the teams coach to send you a supplemental letter of recommendation that will address my role within the Ski Team. Many thanks for your consideration, Laura Anystudent Discussion of Laura's Letter Laura has good reason to write to Johns Hopkins University. The 110 point improvement on her SAT scores is significant. If you look at this  graph of GPA-SAT-ACT data for admission to Hopkins, youll see that Lauras original 1330 was on the lower end of the accepted student range. Her new score of 1470 is nicely in the middle of the range. Lauras election as Captain of Ski Team may not be a game-changer on the admissions front, but it does show more evidence of her leadership skills. Especially if her application was originally light on leadership experiences, this new position will be significant. Finally, Lauras decision to have a supplemental  letter of recommendation  sent to Hopkins is a good choice, particularly if her coach can speak to abilities that Lauras other recommenders did not. Don't Make the Mistakes in This Letter The letter below illustrates what you should not do. Brian asks to have his application reconsidered, but he does not present any significant new information for reconsidering the decision. The increase in his GPA from a 3.3 to a 3.35 is fairly trivial. His newspaper has been nominated for an award, but it has not won the award. Moreover, Brian writes as if he has been rejected, not deferred. The university will look at his application again with the regular pool of applicants. The biggest problem  with the letter below, however, is that Brian comes across as a whiner, an egotist, and an ungenerous person. He clearly thinks very highly of himself, placing himself above his friend and making much ado about a modest 3.3 GPA. Does Brian really sound like the type of person the admissions officers will want to invite to join their campus community? To make matters worse, the third paragraph in Brians letter essentially accuses the admissions officers of making a mistake in admitting his friend and deferring him. The goal of Brians letter is to strengthen his chances of getting into college, but questioning the competence of the admissions folks works counter to that goal. To Whom It May Concern: I am writing in regards to my deferral for admission to Syracuse University for the fall semester. I received a letter earlier this week informing me that my admission had been deferred. I would like to urge you to reconsider me for admission. As you know from my previously submitted admissions materials, I am a very strong student with an outstanding academic record. Since I submitted my high school transcript in November, I have received another set of mid-year grades, and my GPA has gone up from a 3.3 to 3.35. In addition, the school newspaper, of which I am assistant editor, has been nominated for a regional award. Frankly, I am somewhat concerned about the status of my admission. I have a friend at a nearby high school who has been admitted to Syracuse through early admissions, yet I know that he has a somewhat lower GPA than mine and has not been involved in as many  extracurricular activities. Although he is a good student, and I certainly do not hold anything against him, I am confused about why he would be admitted while I have not been. Frankly, I think that I am a far stronger applicant. I would very much appreciate it if you could take another look at my application, and reconsider my admissions status. I believe I am an excellent student  and would have much to contribute to your university. Sincerely, Brian Anystudent A Final Word on Responding to a Deferral As with any communication with a college, youll want to pay careful attention tone, grammar, punctuation, and style. A sloppily-written letter is going to work against you, not strengthen your application. Finally, keep in mind that writing a letter when deferred is optional, and at many schools it wont improve your chances of being admitted. You should definitely write if you have compelling new information to present (dont write if your SAT score went up just 10 points- you dont want to look like youre grasping). And if the college doesnt say not to write a letter of continued interest, it can be worthwhile to do so.

Comment Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comment Paper - Essay Example guns can be acquired by the people may even require a constitutional amendment that perhaps takes away the right or modifies it in a manner which makes it essentially impossible for the layperson to own a gun. However, constitutional amendments have been used quite infrequently by the government since changing the constitution is not something any government would undertake as a light task. As discussed by Gavrilovic (2008), even the greatest supporters of gun control i.e. the Democratic Party have often balked at the idea of changing the constitutional right to bear arms. This constitutional right granted by the second amendment was upheld by the Supreme Court in District of Columbia v. Heller in 2008. What can be changed are the laws concerning guns which can help put limits on the number of guns a person can have and the requirements they must meet before they can buy a gun. While we already have in place requirements created by The Gun Control Act of 1968 and others such as background checks, felony and conviction checks we might even add psychological profiling to the process by which guns would not be sold to anyone who is likely to be a homicidal maniac. Of course, gun control itself is an issue which can be debated since individuals who want guns may acquire them illegally if they have to, particularly when it comes to the criminal element in a given society. To bring about changes to the law itself, pressure groups, think tanks and social organizations such as the Brady Campaign, Coalition to Stop Gun Violence and the Joyce Foundation which focus on the issues of violence, crime, gun control and related issues need to be recruited (Marks, 2007). These can provide the assistance needed by a local community or a group that seeks to have gun control in society. The assistance can come in the form of raising awareness, setting an agenda for debate or even supporting candidates who plan to establish gun control once they are in power. The best way to support

Public Opinion (American Politics) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Opinion (American Politics) - Essay Example That is, the institutions and politicians shape all the elements of political issues known to the public. The school is one of the organizations that assist the state in shaping public opinion. In the school, the students would learn the political system values and carry it with them in their lifetime. The media passes information that influences the public opinion. The media is a common tool that the politicians use to influence their interests. In addition, opinion leaders have a role in shaping the public opinion. Since the leaders have a voice in the society, people tend to think that his opinion is the best one most of the time. Thus, they do not bother to find out the truth from other sources (Schmidt, Shelley & Bardes 2009). Political ignorance could be beneficial to citizens. Discussing and following the opinions of the political leaders could be misleading. As stated above, many of those who follow politics closely are only interested in casting their vote in the right places. Many of those who do so for the sake of voting do not realise that their vote could not make a difference. Even those who do not participate in political opinions, still cast their votes. It is much cheaper to cast a vote than to follow all political proceedings to make a decision. Thus, for many people it is safe to avoid all the stress of political activities and concentrate on other useful activities that would improve their life. The level of political ignorance has been the same for years. However, the same opinions have existed for decades. The opinions  do  not prevent politicians from having their say. The politicians sway the public opinion to their advantage despite the level of political information to the public (Somin 2013). Opinion leaders have information on certain issues that are not clear to the public. It is their duty  to advise  the masses  on  the meaning of these issues. The

African Literature Essay Example for Free

African Literature Essay Despite the ignorance of most so called literati to the domain of African literature, African literature in fact is one of the main currents of world literature, stretching continuously and directly back to ancient history. Achebe did not invent African Literature, because he himself was inundated with it as an African. He simply made more people aware of it. The Beginnings of African Literature The first African literature is circa 2300-2100, when ancient Egyptians begin using burial texts to accompany their dead. These include the first written accounts of creation the Memphite Declaration of Deities. Not only that, but papyrus, from which we originate our word for paper, was invented by the Egyptians, and writing flourished. In contrast, Sub-Saharan Africa feature a vibrant and varied oral culture. To take into account written literary culture without considering literary culture is definitely a mistake, because they two interplay heavily with each other. African oral arts are arts for lifes sake (Mukere) not European arts for arts sake, and so may be considered foreign and strange by European readers. However, they provide useful knowledge, historical knowledge, ethical wisdom, and creative stimuli in a direct fashion. Oral culture takes many forms: proverbs and riddles, epic narratives, oration and personal testimony, praise poetry and songs, chants and rituals, stories, legends and folk tales. This is present in the many proverbs told in Things Fall Apart, and the rich cultural emphasis of that book also is typically African. The earliest written Sub-Saharan Literature (1520) is heavily influenced by Islamic literature. The earliest example of this is the anonymous history of the city-state of Kilwa Kisiwani. The first African history, History of the Sudan, is written by Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi in Arabic style. Traveling performers, called griots, kept the oral tradition alive, especially the legends of the Empire of Mali. In 1728 the earliest written Swahili work,Utendi wa Tambuka borrows heavily from Muslim tradition. However, there are little to no Islamic presence in Things Fall Apart. The Period of Colonization With the period of Colonization, African oral traditions and written works came under a serious outside threat. Europeans, justifying themselves with the Christian ethics, tried to destroy the pagan and primitive culture of the Africans, to make them more pliable slaves. However, African Literature survived this concerted attack. In 1789, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustava Vassa was the first slave narrative to be published. Kidnapped from Nigeria, this Ibo man wrote his autobiography in Great Britain in English, and like Achebe used his narrative as a platform to attack the injustices of slavery and cultural destruction. Back in Africa, Swahili poetry threw off the dominating influence of Islam and reverted back to native Bantu forms. One exemplar of this was Utendi wa Inkishafi (Souls Awakening), a poem detailing the vanity of earthly life. The Europeans, by bringing journalism and government schools to Africa, helped further the development of literature. Local newspapers abounded, and often they featured sections of local African poetry and short stories. While originally these fell close to the European form, slowly they broke away and became more and more African in nature. One of these writers was Oliver Schreiner, whose novel Story of an African Farm (1883) is considered the first African classic analysis of racial and sexual issues. Other notable writers, such as Samuel Mqhayi and Thomas Mofolo begin portraying Africans as complex and human characters. Achebe was highly influenced by these writers in their human portrayal of both sides of colonization. Emerging from Paris in the 1920s and 1930s, the negritude movement established itself as one of the premiere literary movements of its time. It was a French-speaking African search for identity, which ofcourse took them back to their roots in Africa. Africa was made into a metaphorical antipode to Europe, a golden age utopia, and was often represented allegorically as a woman. In a 1967 interview, Cesaire explained: We lived in an atmosphere of rejection, and we developed an inferiority complex. The desire to establish an identity begins with a concrete consciousness of what we are†¦that we are black . . . and have a history. . . [that] there have been beautiful and important black civilizations†¦that its values were values that could still make an important contribution to the world. Leopold Sedar Senghor, one of the prime thinkers of this movement, eventually became president of the country of Senegal, creating a tradition of African writers becoming active political figures. Achebe was doubtless familiar with the negritude movement, although he preferred to less surrealistic and more realistic writing. In 1948, African literature came to the forefront of the world stage with Alan Patons publishing of Cry the Beloved Country. However, this book was a somewhat paternalistic and sentimental portrayal of Africa. Another African writer, Fraz Fanon, also a psychiatrist, becomes famous in 1967 through a powerful analysis of racism from the African viewpoint Black Skin, White Masks. Camara Laye explored the deep psychological ramification of being African in his masterpiece, The Dark Child (1953), and African satire is popularized by Mongo Beti and Ferdinand Oyono. Respected African literary critic Kofi Awoonor systematically collects and translates into English much of African oral culture and art forms, preserving native African culture. Chinua Achebe then presents this native African culture in his stunning work, Things Fall Apart. This is probably the most read work of African Literature ever written, and provides a level of deep cultural detail rarely found in European literature. Achebes psychological insight combined with his stark realism make his novel a classic. Post-Achebe African Literature Achebe simply opened the door for many other African literati to attain international recognition. East Africans produce important autobiographical works, such as Kenyans Josiah Kariuki’s Mau Mau Detainee (1963), and R. Mugo Gatheru’s Child of Two Worlds (1964). African women begin to let their voice be heard. Writers such as Flora Nwapa give the feminine African perspective on colonization and other African issues. Wole Soyinka writes her satire of the conflict between modern Nigeria and its traditional culture in her book The Interpreters (1965). A prolific writer, she later produces famous plays such as Death and The Kings Horseman. Later, in 1986, she is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. African Literature gains more and more momentum, and Professor James Ngugi even calls for the abolition of the English Department in the University of Nairobi, to be replaced by a Department of African Literature and Languages. African writers J. M. Coetzee, in his Life and Times of Michael K. written in both Afrikaans and English for his South African audience, confronts in literature the oppressive regime of apartheid. Chinua Achebe helps reunite African Literature as a whole by publishing in 1985 African Short Stories, a collection of African short stories from all over the continent. Another African writer, Naguib Mahfouz, wins the Nobel Prize in literature in 1988. In 1990 African poetry experiences a vital comeback through the work I is a Long-Memoried Woman by Frances Anne Soloman. African Literature is only gaining momentum as time marches onwards.

HOVENSA: Economic Boost and Environmental Disaster Essay -- Environmen

By far the largest private employer in the Virgin Islands, HOVENSA has decided to cease operations, despite the ongoing economic crisis plaguing the territory which desperately relies on the refinery’s vital tax revenues. Nevertheless, the company cites its present fiscal woes as the primary reason behind such a brash decision. In so far as, fluctuating oil prices brought on by various world events, in concert with other minor details including the manner in which the plant is run and the amount of expenditures incurred, have caused the oil giant to generate about $1.3 billion dollars in losses. What seems odd are the events is the surrounding environmental issues which have plagued the plant during 2010 and 2011, which caused the Environmental Protection Agency to sanction the company with a $700 million dollar mandate. Such legal action taken was the result of a series of mis-steps with the refinery’s engineering/environmental protection practices, resulting in one of the worst environmental disasters to hit the territory. HOVENSA came about as a new joint venture in the region between parent company, Hess Oil, and state owned oil company, Venezuela National Oil Company. Beginning in 1966 however, we notice that the precursor to HOVENSA, Hess Oil Virgin Islands Corporation, was seen as more of an economic miracle rather than a disaster in the making. Years subsequent to 1966 witnessed a continued expansion of the oil refinery petroleum producing capacity, essentially elevating it from what was known as humble operation to what would be considered to be a monolithic organization. Whether that included the refineries increased capacity from 45,000 barrels a day to well over 500,000 barrels a day, or the company’s innovative te... ...vironment is once again held paramount. Works Cited 1) Blackburn, Joy. 2011. "EPA launches HOVENSA air quality study." Virgin Islands Daily News, The (St. Thomas), February 16. 2) "Nation's Second Largest Refinery to Pay More Than $5.3 Million Penalty for Clean Air Act Violations." Allvoices. Web. 02 Mar. 2012. . 3) "Government De Jongh Seeks Federal Assistance in Aftermath of HOVENSAClosure." Governor John P. DeJongh. Web. 02 Mar. 2012. . 4) "HOVENSASt. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency. Web. 02 Mar. 2012. .

Effects of the Vietnam War

Abstract While it takes societies to start wars, war changes societies. Whether it be the loss of life, wealth or influence, war determines what a society becomes. This paper will look at some of the effects on U. S. society following the war in Viet Nam. The Effects of the Vietnam War on American Society The Conflict in Southeast Asia had lasting effects on the United States society. It was sold to the American people as necessary to stop the spread of Communism and quickly become one of the longest and costliest wars in U. S. history.Looking at the war strictly from the point-of-view of society, the after effects of the war were staggering. There was weakened public faith in the government and a change in the public image of the American soldier. The loss of national pride was deep. America had effectively lost a war to what Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had called â€Å"a fourth-rate power. † The U. S. was no longer looked at as an invincible giant. Because President J ohnson wanted to fund the war without raising taxes, the government deficit skyrocketed. Additionally, troops returning home could not find jobs in the private sector.These factors together caused double digit inflation and unemployment rates. The people felt that the government was not taking care of them like it used to. These factors led to a change in the country's role around the world. Congress was worried that the world was viewing the U. S. as the planet's policeman, ready to jump in anytime another country seemed ready to fall victim to Communism. In 1973, the mostly Democratic Congress enacted the War Powers Resolution, which limited the president's powers. The Commander-in-Chief could only send U. S. troops into combat for less than ninety days without congressional approval.Besides the lack of jobs, returning soldiers were not given parades and hailed by the people as conquering heroes as they were following previous conflicts. Instead, they were viewed with disdain, bot h for losing the war and for the vicious actions taken by a few soldiers. The hero gave way to the villain, the soldier became the baby-killer. The American sensibilities had changed as well. While soldiers were fighting and dying in Viet Nam, the United States had a few other conflicts within its own borders. Race riots and anti-war protests were shown side by side with battlefield reports on the nightly news.National Guard intervention and the shooting of students at Kent State and Jackson State universities did little to gain support for the government. According to Sen. Frank Church, Viet Nam â€Å"has already stretched the generation gap so wide that it threatens to pull the country apart. † (â€Å"Vietnam War Quotations†, para. 13) Whether the outcome of the war was beneficial or detrimental depends entirely on your point of view. On one hand, the more liberal attitude of government towards foreign intervention, the redefining of the right to protest and the skep ticism toward the government can be looked at as positive effects of an unpopular war.On the other hand, the image of the country in the eyes of the world, the loss of traditional values and the blow to the economy can be viewed as negative. No matter what personal stance one has on the Viet Nam Conflict, there is one truth; The War in Southeast Asia definitely changed the United States as a world power, as a country and as a people. References Frey-Wouters, E. , & Laufer, R. S. (1986). The Vietnam Generation's Views of the Combatants. In Legacy of a war: the American soldier in Vietnam. (pp. 108-109). M. E. Sharpe. Sitikoff, H. (n. d. ). The Postwar Impact of Vietnam.Universtiy of Illinois. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://www. english. illinois. edu/maps/vietnam/postwar. htm The Vietnam War: An Overview. (n. d. ). The Wars for Viet Nam: 1945 to 1975. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://vietnam. vassar. edu/overview/index. html Vietnam War and the American Economy. (n. d. ). History Central. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://www. historycentral. com/sixty/Economics/Vietnam. html Vietnam War Quotations. (n. d. ). VietnamWar. net. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://www. vietnamwar. net/quotations/quotations. htm

Analyzing Sherman Alexie’s “Superman and me” Essay

Can reading save a man’s way of life? Can reading save an entire culture? Sherman Alexie, an Indian creative writer writes an essay of which he acquaints us of his means in learning how to read, that is, through a Superman comic book. The essay was written in an alternating first person and third person style of telling. The first person way of telling was for his reflection. Those sentences that were written in the first person were Alexie’s own sentiments. The third person style was for his people. Probably it was meant as an insult since people who normally speak in a third person style are often deemed unintelligent since they cannot follow the rules of language. As the essays retells the experience of the author of how he learned how to read, there is one topic of which he focused, and that is how reading (and how it is connected to education) made a different impact in his way of life which can be very significant or relevant to the modern world today whose kids are taking education for granted. Reading and education Reading is a cognitive process of connecting meaning to a group of words, sentences, and letters. Not many can take the time to discipline themselves into liking and having reading as a habit but over the years reading has become a standard of calling a person or treating a person literate. It has become a mean to elevate one’s status. However, based on Sherman Alexie’s essay, knowing how to read downgrades the status of an Indian person. Indians are treated as the Native Americans. They weren’t treated kindly as the natives of the new world as history tells. They were often treated as the group of people who struggles with the advancement of life. People who are not social. If Indians were compared to animals, the Indians were the wild animals. And according to Alexie’s essay, the ones who stays wild, are the ones who’s status are high in the Indian world. In the modern world today, education has been treated as one of the major concerns of nations. More and more, the value and the quality of education have gone low and people in advance nations and culture are taking it for granted. On the other hand, Alexie and his dad are examples of people who defy the norms of their own society. People who counteracts their culture thus forming a kind a heroic act or in times a crime for/to their own people. â€Å"I am trying to save our lives. † (Alexie 2). Alexie expressed his sentiment of saving their lives in two styles. One was personal and the other was towards the children he was teaching. While he defied the accustomed treatment of Indians to non-Indian education (i. e. how he had man arguments with his classmates to shut up his mouth towards the questions of the non-Indian teacher), he was hopeful that his people might change their attitude towards education (the reason why he ought to be a teacher among his people). In some ways, education defines how a person hopes for his worth. It is more than the status, it also creating an opportunity for one’s self and knowing how to use education in helping one feel fulfilled.

Ap Economics Essay Example

Ap Economics Essay Example Ap Economics Essay Ap Economics Essay Essay Topic: Economics The basic economic problem that arises because people have unlimited wants but resources are limited. Americans in recent years had to cut back on lavish goods because of the scarcity of money. Economics- The science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind. Economics involves many issues in the economy of the country and world, from politics to money. Efficiency-A broad term that implies an economic state in which every resource is optimally allocated to serve each person in the best way while minimizing waste and inefficiency.Economic efficiency can be used in microeconomics when discussing product. Equity- The property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society. If the rich contribute more in taxes, there would be a bigger distribution of equity. Opportunity Cost- The money or other benefits lost when pursuing a particular course of action instead of a mutually-exclusive a lternative. Our companies 3rd quarter opportunity costs were extensive and will take awhile to recover. Incentive-A cost or benefit that motivates a decision or action by consumers, businesses, or other participants in the economy.The incentive for a new CEO turned out to be quite beneficial. Productivity-A measure relating a quantity or quality of output to the inputs required to produce it. If productivity continues to fall, our profits will soon follow. Inflation-The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling. The current low interest rates for bank loans risks inflation of the dollar. Business Cycle- A cycle or series of cycles of economic expansion and contraction. The current business cycle is bad, leading the CEO to make a few cutbacksMicroeconomics-The part of economics about single factors and the effects of individual decisions. Microeconomics can be applied in budgets, businesses, politics, an d finances to determine trends of individual consumers. Macroeconomics-The part of economics concerned with large-scale or general economic factors, such as interest rates and national productivity. When seen on a macroeconomic point of view, high productivity can boost, rather than reduce, economic growth. Demand-An economic principle that describes a consumers desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service.As Apple moves forward in revolutionizing electronics, the demand for their products rises. Supply-A fundamental economic concept that describes the total amount of a specific good or service that is available to consumers. The high supply of oil was beneficial to the economy due to the sudden decrease of foreign oil imports. Component #2: Problems 1) Describe some trade-offs faced by each of the following: a) A family deciding whether to buy a new car. A family that is deciding to buy a car might have to face, depending on the expense of the car and financ ial status of the family, major cut backs on money to afford it.These cutbacks might affect unnecessary things like: dining out, doing expensive activities, vacations, etc. This all deals with scarcity; the family wants a new car, but might not have the financial means to do so. b) A member of Congress deciding how much to spend on national parks. A member of congress deciding how much to spend on national parks has plenty of trade offs. The funding of the park is determined by many things including incentives, demand, and opportunity cost.If congress were to fund national parks more they may have to cut funding to other causes, but if they cut funding to the parks, then the money gained could go into a better cause. c) A company president deciding whether to open a new factory. If a company president were to open a new factory, the demand for that companies product would have to be high. However, for the president to open up a different facility, he may have to make cut backs on em ployees in the current facility for budget purposes. If the president decides not to open a new factory, this might lead to low efficiency and slow down the expansion of productivity. )A teacher deciding how much to prepare for class. If a teacher were to prepare minimally for class, he/she may run into a very busy schedule somewhere down the road. However, if the teacher were to plan accordingly and periodically, he/she would be able to be properly prepared for the class. If this were to happen, the teacher would have less pressure for assignments. This all has to deal with efficiency, productivity, and incentive. The teachers incentive is to not be flooded with class preparations, so he/she would have to work efficiently to reach the optimum productivity. ) Discuss each of the following statements from the standpoints of equity and efficiency. a) â€Å"Everyone in society should be guaranteed the best healthcare possible. † If everyone were to be guaranteed the best healthc are possible, efficiency would have to be very high to have the capability to divide healthcare among the population. Right now it would be hard to do because we dont have high economic prosperity to spread. This could very well never happen because equity and efficiency clash when it comes to government policies.The reason they clash is because when the government tries to spread wealth evenly, efficiency shrinks. b) â€Å"When workers are laid off, they should be able to collect unemployment benefits until they find a new job. † When workers receive unemployment, they are getting a cut of the economic pie which is equity. During these times when unemployment is high, the size of the economic pie, efficiency, is small because the government is distributing a large amount money to the unemployed. If the government were to issue unemployment until they find a job it would cause an economic down fall.People are sitting around getting paid, why would they go out and get a job, i t is something else that people will just take advantage of, like welfare. So, in essence, it would end up hurting the government more than it would help. 3) In what ways is your standard of living different from that of your parents or grandparents when they were you age? Why have these changes occurred? There has been a big change in the standard of living even from my parents time to now let alone when my grandparents were my age. We are now living in a technological age where everything is documented, sent, communicated, and even surveyed on electronics.People in the 70’s (when my parents were my age) were lucky to have their own television let alone a cell phone or car. Nowadays, teens have cars, tv’s laptops, smartphones, etc. at their fingertips to use at their command. Back then not very many people had the resources or means to obtain electronic devices. Many of the things we have now, my grandparents didn’t. My grandmother didn’t even have an el ectric oven, she had a coal one to cook on. When my grandfather came here off of the boat, he got a job paying 23 cents an hour. So, its not only material things that have changed in the standard of living, but wages too.People are paid so much more now than in the 30’s, but with the raise of wages, brought along inflation. These changes have occurred because of the changes in education and regulations. People now more than ever are going to college to get a degree in whatever it is they want to pursue. With knowledge comes better products that are more efficient and easier to use. With the change in regulations came changes in minimum wage, laws, and codes that have to be kept up with. Component #3: Applications (See next full page for article) This article posted by The New York Times states that although unemployment s lowering, it is doing it in a rather slow and steady pace. Stocks prices have risen and are staying high along with mortgage loans and many others. Since th e job market is growing at a slow rate, banks are now going to start raising interest and lengthening loan terms. As anticipated, the economy is expanding in the right ways. If as many jobs are created in July and August as they were in June, then the economy is on the road to recovery. The Principal of Economics in which this would apply most to would be number 10 (Society Faces a Short-run Trade-off between Inflation and Unemployment.The reason that this article applies specifically to this principle is because in the article it is explained that unemployment is lowering and because of that, interest rates are rising. This explains the short-run trade-offs. Also, since unemployment is lowering, inflation will occur because they will now have the money to buy goods and services. nytimes. com/2013/07/06/business/economy-adds-195000-jobs-as-unemployment-rate-remains-at-7-6. html? ref=todayspaper_r=0 Steady Growth As U. S. Gains 195,000 Jobs __________________________________________ ___________________________________ By NELSON D. SCHWARTZ New jobs data on Friday offered hope for this elusive middle ground in the economy, as the Federal Reserve wrestles with when to ease its stimulus efforts without endangering the recovery and the markets. The pace of job creation in June was sufficient to please investors and keep the central bank on course to slowly begin pulling back on its major bond-buying program this fall. But the job gains were muted enough to calm worries of an abrupt exit by the Fed, a fear that has weighed on the markets lately.The employment report, which showed the economy added 195,000 jobs, was the first since the Fed chairman, Ben S. Bernanke, said in June that policy makers were ready to begin tapering the stimulus later this year if the labor market continued to improve. The jobless rate was unchanged, at 7. 6 percent. The timing of the Fed action is critical. The central bank’s program of buying $85 billion a month in Treasury securit ies and mortgage-backed bonds has not only kept long-term interest rates low for borrowers, including big companies as well as individual home buyers, it has lso helped prop up Wall Street. The possibility that the Fed might move more quickly than expected to dial back the program has prompted investors to sell both stocks and bonds in the last six weeks and has raised rates on mortgages and other loans. Buoyed by the promise of moderate economic growth and a slow but steady tapering on the part of the Fed, traders pushed the stock market higher on Friday, with major indexes gaining about 1 percent. The 195,000 jobs added in June was significantly above the 165,000 monthly pace analysts had been expecting.And the government sharply revised upward figures for job gains in April and May, increasing the average monthly gain in the first half of 2013 to 202,000 jobs. But the picture painted by the data hardly reflected a booming economy. The unemployment rate, which is based on a differ ent survey from the one that tracks job creation, remained stuck at 7. 6 percent, far higher than the historical pattern for this stage of a recovery. Other measures of joblessness actually rose, with the broadest one that includes workers forced to accept part-time positions jumping to 14. 3 percent, from 13. percent. â€Å"Beyond the headline numbers for job growth, it gets a little more mixed,† said Jan Hatzius, chief economist at Goldman Sachs. â€Å"There is still a lot of slack in the labor market. † Although the economy has held up better than some analysts expected in the face of tax increases and automatic cuts in federal spending this year, overall growth in economic output has also been tepid. The economy grew at an annual rate of 1. 8 percent in the first quarter, short of what’s needed to quickly lower the unemployment rate. Still, the job figures for June were enough to prompt Mr.Hatzius and other leading economists on Wall Street to predict that t he Fed could announce a shift in policy in September, rather than waiting until December. â€Å"This was a solid report and it will be seen by the Fed as fully consistent with tapering in September,† said Dean Maki, chief United States economist at Barclays. In addition, Mr. Maki noted, average hourly earnings rose 2. 2 percent year-over-year, a pace that is near a high for this recovery. Before setting a firm date, Fed policy makers will be closely watching to see if the job market maintains momentum through July and August. It’s not a done deal in September, just more likely,† Mr. Hatzius said. That was benign enough for traders on Friday. The Standard Poor’s 500-stock index rose 16. 48, or 1. 02 percent, to 1,631. 89, while the Dow Jones industrial average jumped 147. 29, or 0. 98 percent, to 15,135. 84, and the Nasdaq gained 35. 71, or 1. 04 percent, to finish the day at 3,479. 38. In the bond market, interest rates moved higher, as investors dumped d ebt on anticipation of faster growth and quicker Fed action. The 10-year Treasury note fell 1 30/32, to 91 17/32, while its yield jumped to 2. 74 percent, from 2. 0 percent late Wednesday. The Fed’s stance has bolstered long-term rates, but the central bank is expected to keep short-term rates low at least until 2015. Component #4: Journal Entry 1: Uh-oh: Americans favor cash over stocks for long-term investments http://money. cnn. com/2013/07/29/investing/cash-investments/index. html? iid=HP_LN answers. com/ (definitions) Even Though we are on a slow track to an economic recovery, people still have a mind-set that the economy is in recession. So, instead of people investing in long term investments, gold, stocks, real estate, etc. hey are keeping it away in savings with very low interest rates. In a 2013 Bankrate survey, over 26% of Americans prefer cash for long term investments. Getting cash for long term investments might not be such a good idea seeing as how you might c ome up short in the long run when it comes to education, children, and even retirement. Interest rate is a widely used term but many might not know the true definition of the word. The percentage of a sum of money charged for its use is the definition of interest rate. An investment is something you put time or money into to hopefully get something out of it in the future.This article is pretty much all about investments. Entry 2: The Senate on Wednesday approved a bipartisan deal that ensures lower interest rates on loans for students heading to college this fall. http://money. cnn. com/2013/07/24/news/economy/senate-student-loans/index. html answers. com/ (definitions) On July 24th the senate decided that bringing down interest rates on student loans was something they needed to do. On July 1st of this year, a new interest rate was set a 6. 8%, but was cut in half now at 3. 86%. This 3. 6% interest is not going to hold over the years anticipating the growth of the economy. Studen ts are to expect a 1% interest increase every year reaching 7% in the year of 2017. Although, there are requirements and provisions to applying for these low interest rates many people qualify for them. The students loan can not be a private loan but instead a stafford loan. In these improving economic times many things are changing, for example interest rates for students. After reading this article I gained the knowledge of knowing that the senate passed on lowering the rates to 3. 86.I am attending college the following year after I graduate and it is important that I know these things so I can plan accordingly. There were some words that I didn’t know and one of them was provisions. A provision is an arrangement or preparation beforehand. Another word I was unsure of was subsidize, meaning pay part of the cost of producing (something) to reduce prices for the buyer. Another term I was unsure was a Stafford Loan; this is a student loan offered to eligible students enrolled in accredited American institutions of higher education. Entry 3: http://money. cnn. om/2013/07/15/investing/stocks-markets/index. html www. answers. com (definitions) Stocks gain as earnings come into focus For this week in the economy world the DOW and NASDAQ closed at record highs in over a decade. Both stocks bumped up about 0. 2%, just enough to set a new record. However, the companies in SP 500 are expected to have a lower than ever growth. Coming in at less than 0. 1% for the quarter. Although companies under SP 500 are optimistic to beat the low expectations to come. Along with the growth in the DOW and NASDAQ comes the New York Federal Reserve which rose 1. % in the region of manufacturing. Some stocks are projected to better in the coming quarters of the year; but some others, not so much. Since economics is mostly about stocks, government, and economy, I decided to pick this article to get a better idea on all of those perspectives. I learned particularly from this artic le that stocks for this quarter in the year are better than expected, but others are projected to have little growth. I also learned some new vocabulary words. Federal Reserve is a word that was not so much new to me, but not fully understood.The Federal Reserve is the banking authority in the US that implements functions of the central banking system. The next next term I learned isnt so much a word, but a department. The Census Bureau, something that gives demographic information to the people of the United States. There weren’t many new words or phrases learned from this particular article, rather information on the current stock situations. Entry 4: http://management. fortune. cnn. com/2013/07/03/4-reasons-to-stay-in-your-current-job-for-now/ www. answers. com/ 4 reasons to stay in your current job (for now)For those who are looking to quit their job and find a new one, hang in there a little longer. In this article, it is stated that although the economy is growing, stoc k are rising, and interest rates are higher, you should stay in your current job for now. The article is backed up with reliable statistics that shows unemployment dropping (at a slow rate). A survey says that about 64% of Americans have gotten a job offer from a different company in the last year. The quitting rate for jobs in april was 39% when the unemployment was a little higher than usual.The first of the four reasons to keep the current job you are in is â€Å"It is still a buyers market and competition is fierce. † The next reasoning is â€Å"New hires are under pressure. † The third reason, a rather good one, â€Å"Last hired, first fired. † And lastly, â€Å"Different isnt always better. † This article was a rather large one, packed with good information on the condition of the economy and projections on the economy. I learned that the unemployed are more optimistic than they were two years ago when applying for a job. I also learned why people s hould wait to switch jobs until the economy is growing at a faster rate.The word â€Å"feeler† was new to me, meaning a proposal intended to ascertain an attitude or opinion. Another term that I wasnt familiar with was compensation package. This is the combination of salary and benefits that a company is will to offer to applicants and employees. Entry 5: http://money. cnn. com/2013/06/18/pf/healthcare-costs/index. html www. answers. com/ Health care costs to slow in 2014 Many people in the US are going on without healthcare. This is a serious risk financially and physically to themselves and their family. Although, health care wont save everyone from the rise in doctor visits, drugs, and surgeries.When the ACA (Affordable Care Act) fully kicks in during the year of 2014, insurance rates for health care providers will raise 6. 5%. This spike in the rate is typically used by insurers to set premiums. Treatments for MS and cancer are expected to jump the most at 22% in 2014. Th is news is making consumers change their behavior. Many people have switched to less-expensive health care services such as walk in clinics and urgent care units. I gained awareness in this article that the cost for insurance will rise along with the cost of the actual drugs and services.There were no new terms that were learned, it was mostly things happening in the health care system that are changing. I learned also that many people have switched from hospitals to clinics because of the cost. Along with that, people are limiting doctor visits and delaying procedures. Many people are outraged at the spike in rates, and aren’t sure its a good plan. Entry 6: http://money. cnn. com/2013/07/16/news/economy/cpi-inflation/index. html? iid=E_Econ www. answers. com Prices climb in June, but annual inflation still tame In the month of June inflation rose 0. %, this has been the biggest rise in inflation since Feb. of this year. Economists took this as a surprise seeing as how they p redicted a somewhat lower rise at 0. 3%. Economists say that other indicators show that inflation remains docile of the long run. Prices of goods and services are up only 1. 8% since last year, that increase is considered consistent for a slow economic growth. The core inflation for food and gas was up only 1. 6%, the smallest it has been since June 2011. In this article I learned that in the month of June, inflation was at a low rate, but higher than expected.I also learned that the inflation rate right now is very good because that means the country is on track to a slow economic recovery. Some words that I didn’t know or was not too sure of were : Federal Reserve, Hyperinflation, and manifest. The Federal Reserve is a word that I know of, but the true definition is a System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D. C. and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. Hyperinflation is just what it sounds like, infl ation at a rather fast paced rate. And lastly the work manifest, this word means clearly or known. Component #6: Paper

Linguistic and Metaphorical Synesthesia

Linguistic and Metaphorical Synesthesia Definition In semantics,  cognitive linguistics, and literary studies, synesthesia is  a metaphorical process by which one sense modality is described or characterized in terms of another, such as a bright sound or a quiet color. Adjective: synesthetic or synaesthetic. Also known as linguistic synesthesia and metaphorical synesthesia. This literary and linguistic sense of the term is derived from the neurological  phenomenon of synesthesia, which has been described as any abnormal extra sensation, often occurring across sense modality boundaries (Oxford Handbook of Synesthesia, 2013). As Kevin Dann says in Bright Colors Falsely Seen (1998), Synaesthetic perception, which is forever inventing the world anew, militates against conventionalism. EtymologyFrom the Greek, perceive together Examples and Observations An expression such as warm color is a classic example of a synesthetic expression. It involves the mapping from the tactile sense referred to by the adjective warm onto the visual referred to by the noun color. On the other hand, warm breeze is not a synesthetic expression, because both warm and breeze refer to the tactile sense, and there is no sensory mismatch in this expression as one sees in warm color.(Yoshikata Shibuya et al., Understanding Synesthetic Expressions: Vision and Olfaction With the PhysiologicalPsychological Model. Speaking of Colors and Odors, ed. by Martina Plà ¼macher and Peter Holz. John Benjamins, 2007)I am hearing the shape of the rainTake the shape of the tent  . . ..(James Dickey, opening lines of The Mountain Tent)Nabokovs Colored Alphabet[T]he color sensation seems to be produced by the very act of my orally forming a given letter while I imagine its outline. The long a of the English alphabet . . . has for me the tint of weathered wood, but a French a   evokes polished ebony. This black group [of letters] also includes hard g (vulcanized rubber) and r  (a sooty rag being ripped). Oatmeal n, noodle-limp l, and the ivory-backed hand mirror of an o,  take care of the whites. . . . Passing on to the blue group there is  steely x, thundercloud z, and huckleberry h. Since a subtle interaction exists between sound and shape, I see q as browner than k, while s is not the light blue of c, but a curious mixture of azure and mother pearl. . . .My wife has this gift of seeing letters in color, too, but her colors are completely different.(Vladimir Nabokov, Speak Memory: An Autobiography Revisited, 1966) I see a sound. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK. It looks like KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK. It looks like gravity ripping. It looks like the jets on a spaceship.I catch the sound and it takes me into the cold.(Emily Raboteau, The Professors Daughter. Henry Holt, 2005)James Joyces Use of SynesthesiaStephen stared at nothing in particular. He could hear, of course, all kinds of words  changing colour like those crabs  about Ringsend in the morning burrowing quickly into all colours of different sorts of the same sand where they had a home somewhere beneath or seemed to.(James Joyce,  Ulysses, 1922)Dylan Thomass Use of  SynesthesiaI hear the bouncing hillsGrow larked and greener at berry brownFall and the dew larks singTaller this thunderclap spring, and howMore spanned with angles rideThe mansouled fiery islands! Oh,Holier then their eyes,And my shining men no more aloneAs I sail out to die.(Dylan Thomas, final verse of Poem on His Birthday)Clear Sounding and Loud ColorsMeaning may be transferred from one sensory faculty to another (synesthesia), as when we apply clear, with principal reference to sight, to hearing, as in clear-sounding. Loud is transferred from hearing to sight when we speak of loud colors. Sweet, with primary reference to taste, may be extended to hearing (sweet music), smell (The rose smells sweet), and to all senses at once (a sweet person). Sharp may be transferred from feeling to taste, and so may smooth. Warm may shift its usual reference from feeling to sight, as in warm colors, and along with cold may refer in a general way to all senses, as in a warm (cold) welcome.(John Algeo and Thomas Pyles, The Origins and Development of the English Language, 5th ed. Thompson, 2005) Synesthetic Metaphors- Many of the metaphors we use every day are synesthetic, describing one sensory experience with vocabulary that belongs to another. Silence is sweet, facial expressions are sour. Sexually attractive people are hot; sexually unattractive people leave us cold. A salesmans patter is smooth; a day at the office is rough. Sneezes are bright; coughs are dark. Along with pattern recognition, synesthesia may be one of the neurological building blocks of metaphor.(James Geary, I Is an Other: The Secret Life of Metaphor and How It Shapes the Way We See. HarperCollins, 2011)- Synesthetic metaphors are very common. For instance, colors are subdivided into warm and cold colors or provided with acoustic and tactile qualities, such as in the following expressions: loud red, soft blue, heavy dark green, etc.(Martina Plà ¼macher, Color Perception, Color Description, and Metaphor.  Speaking of Colors and Odors. John Benjamins, 2007)

Eduaction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Eduaction - Assignment Example However, the data system is not a threat to traditional teaching styles. Traditional teachers have to be won over by impressing upon them the need to change over to the new system involving data which complements the traditional style by taking care of the important aspects of teaching that may not have been addressed by the traditional teacher. Involving digital data system enables getting hold of vast information on students in very short time without undue stress to the teacher and helps her arrange her teaching techniques in such a way that the less intelligent student is able to grasp the contents of what is being taught (McLeod, Dr Scott). Over a period of time, which may be quite short, the teaching community begins to settle down with the feelings that they are all right with their students. The good performance of the majority of the students in the periodical tests lull the teachers with the feelings that things are normal and they can continue teaching in their usual styles the students have become accustomed to. The current No Child Left Behind (NCLB) policy, however, demands stringent changes in the teaching standards to ensure no child gets left behind. The teachers have no option to update their skills with the latest standards and get whatever help available to ensure they get all the necessary assistance whenever needed to keep abreast the latest techniques. There are chances that teachers may not be able to keep in mind all the features of the latest techniques. Hence, it is essential that they have access to the digital data system for which they have to be initially trained (McLeod, Dr Scott). The data system demands a change in the entire method of teaching. It is result-oriented. "Schools and districts across the country are seeing substantial improvements in student learning and achievement as they incorporate data-driven practices. Teachers in these schools are finding that intelligent and pervasive use of data can improve their instructional interventions for students, re-energize their enthusiasm for teaching, and increase their feelings of professional fulfillment and job satisfaction" (McLeod, Dr Scott). Data-driven system of teaching is not optional. It is becoming mandatory quite fast. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers seriously contemplating to continue as teachers to get accustomed to this system of teaching. Actually, data-driven style of teaching is quite simple if teachers get accustomed to it. The problem is in the mind that anything other than teaching in the traditional way is cumbersome and difficult to comprehend. Initiates procedures and influences teachers to improve instruction inter-visitation and self-analysis techniques Educational institutions now initiate procedures to improve instructions, inter-visitations and self-analysis

Whether or not trayvons martin case was justifed correctly Essay

Whether or not trayvons martin case was justifed correctly - Essay Example The case may involve issues on race (Jefferson, 9). Eighty seven percent of the African Americans say that there was no justice in the ruling; amongst whites, only 33 percent support the African Americans’ claims. A thin majority of about 51% of the whites endorse that the verdict was innocent in the trial whereas African Americans strongly disapprove the claims. Only a small percentage of the African Americans approve the claims by the whites. On the public views, there is also a follower tinge. Amongst thirty percent of the republicans, disapprove the verdict while seventy percent of them approve the verdict. Instead of focusing on the skin color people should focus on hearts (Anthology 15). In reference to the criminal justice system, a total number of 86 percent among the African Americans claim that blacks among many minorities get unequal treatment in the law; only 41percent by the whites make such claims whereas the other 54% claim that there is equality for the marginal groups. Less than 40% of jailed people are ethnic and racial minorities (Birzer 27). Eighty-one percent of the African Americans claim that the federal government should observe the civil rights defiance and charge Zimmerman in a federal court. Fifty percent of the whites oppose such charges, whereas 27percent of them agree to the charges showing the presence of White supremacy in action (Yancy and Jones 9). Sixty percent of the Hispanics claim that blacks among other marginal groups fail to receive fair treatments like the whites do and a ratio of two to one disapproves the ruling. Martin weighed ten pounds lighter, but six inches taller than the Hispanic who put Trayvon’s life to an end (Anthology 1). It was at night during the shooting and Martin was on his way home when he saw a vehicle behind him, which followed him for some time. Martin ran away to the backyards sidewalks from the street sidewalks (Jefferson 5).